General Elections occur on the first Tuesday in November in even-numbered years.
On the ballot are the single candidates from each major political party (Republican and Democratic) for each race, along with any Libertarian or Green Party candidates chosen at their party's convention.
Every state representative and every U.S. representative is elected or re-elected each even-numbered year. Other offices are elected on their own schedules.
In Texas both the primary election and the general election have a period of time designated for early voting.
For some offices, the standard for winning is getting the majority of the votes (50 percent +1). Other offices such as for Governor just require a plurality or more than any of the other candidates do, but doesn't get a majority of the votes.